Dalam membuat song dengan format GM (General Midi), ada beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan :
1. CHANNEL
Untuk song GM, terdapat 16 CHANNEL/TRACK.
Untuk track Drum/percusi : selalu berada di track 10.
Sedangkan track yang lain, bebas.
Dalam perkembangannya saat ini, seperti ada “kesepakatan” untuk penentuan beberapa channel :
Track 2 : Bass
Track 4 : Voice (track yang biasa di isikan juga text lagu)
Track 11 : penambahan track perkusi/drum, jika di butuhkan lebih dari 1 track drum (track 10).
2. SOUND SET
Bagian yang ini sangat perlu diperhatikan, agar song Midi yang kita buat, bisa secara otomatis berjalan/berbunyi dengan baik di keyboard atau piranti MIDI Player lain.
GM 1 memiliki 128 sound dan drum yang sudah menjadi standart. Berikut daftar soundnya :
| No | Sound | No | Sound | |
| PIANO | REED | |||
| 1 | Acoustic Grand Piano | 65 | Soprano Sax | |
| 2 | Bright Acoustic Piano | 66 | Alto Sax | |
| 3 | Electric Grand Piano | 67 | Tenor Sax | |
| 4 | Honky-tonk Piano | 68 | Baritone Sax | |
| 5 | Electric Piano 1 | 69 | Oboe | |
| 6 | Electric Piano 2 | 70 | English Horn | |
| 7 | Harpsichord | 71 | Bassoon | |
| 8 | Clavi | 72 | Clarinet | |
| CHROMATIC PERCUSSION | PIPE | |||
| 9 | Celesta | 73 | Piccolo | |
| 10 | Glockenspiel | 74 | Flute | |
| 11 | Music Box | 75 | Recorder | |
| 12 | Vibraphone | 76 | Pan Flute | |
| 13 | Marimba | 77 | Blown Bottle | |
| 14 | Xylophone | 78 | Shakuhachi | |
| 15 | Tubular Bells | 79 | Whistle | |
| 16 | Dulcimer | 80 | Ocarina | |
| ORGAN | SYNTH LEAD | |||
| 17 | Drawbar Organ | 81 | Lead 1 (square) | |
| 18 | Percussive Organ | 82 | Lead 2 (sawtooth) | |
| 19 | Rock Organ | 83 | Lead 3 (calliope) | |
| 20 | Church Organ | 84 | Lead 4 (chiff) | |
| 21 | Reed Organ | 85 | Lead 5 (charang) | |
| 22 | Accordion | 86 | Lead 6 (voice) | |
| 23 | Harmonica | 87 | Lead 7 (fifths) | |
| 24 | Tango Accordion | 88 | Lead 8 (bass + lead) | |
| GUITAR | SYNTH PAD | |||
| 25 | Acoustic Guitar (nylon) | 89 | Pad 1 (new age) | |
| 26 | Acoustic Guitar (steel) | 90 | Pad 2 (warm) | |
| 27 | Electric Guitar (jazz) | 91 | Pad 3 (polysynth) | |
| 28 | Electric Guitar (clean) | 92 | Pad 4 (choir) | |
| 29 | Electric Guitar (muted) | 93 | Pad 5 (bowed) | |
| 30 | Overdriven Guitar | 94 | Pad 6 (metallic) | |
| 31 | Distortion Guitar | 95 | Pad 7 (halo) | |
| 32 | Guitar harmonics | 96 | Pad 8 (sweep) | |
| BASS | SYNTH EFFECTS | |||
| 33 | Acoustic Bass | 97 | FX 1 (rain) | |
| 34 | Electric Bass (finger) | 98 | FX 2 (soundtrack) | |
| 35 | Electric Bass (pick) | 99 | FX 3 (crystal) | |
| 36 | Fretless Bass | 100 | FX 4 (atmosphere) | |
| 37 | Slap Bass 1 | 101 | FX 5 (brightness) | |
| 38 | Slap Bass 2 | 102 | FX 6 (goblins) | |
| 39 | Synth Bass 1 | 103 | FX 7 (echoes) | |
| 40 | Synth Bass 2 | 104 | FX 8 (sci-fi) | |
| STRINGS | ETHNIC | |||
| 41 | Violin | 105 | Sitar | |
| 42 | Viola | 106 | Banjo | |
| 43 | Cello | 107 | Shamisen | |
| 44 | Contrabass | 108 | Koto | |
| 45 | Tremolo Strings | 109 | Kalimba | |
| 46 | Pizzicato Strings | 110 | Bag pipe | |
| 47 | Orchestral Harp | 111 | Fiddle | |
| 48 | Timpani | 112 | Shanai | |
| ENSEMBLE | PERCUSSIVE | |||
| 49 | String Ensemble 1 | 113 | Tinkle Bell | |
| 50 | String Ensemble 2 | 114 | Agogo | |
| 51 | SynthStrings 1 | 115 | Steel Drums | |
| 52 | SynthStrings 2 | 116 | Woodblock | |
| 53 | Choir Aahs | 117 | Taiko Drum | |
| 54 | Voice Oohs | 118 | Melodic Tom | |
| 55 | Synth Voice | 119 | Synth Drum | |
| 56 | Orchestra Hit | 120 | Reverse Cymbal | |
| BRASS | SOUND EFFECTS | |||
| 57 | Trumpet | 121 | Guitar Fret Noise | |
| 58 | Trombone | 122 | Breath Noise | |
| 59 | Tuba | 123 | Seashore | |
| 60 | Muted Trumpet | 124 | Bird Tweet | |
| 61 | French Horn | 125 | Telephone Ring | |
| 62 | Brass Section | 126 | Helicopter | |
| 63 | SynthBrass 1 | 127 | Applause | |
| 64 | SynthBrass 2 | 128 | Gunshot | |
| WWW.SOLFEGIO.COM | ||||
Sedangkan keymap untuk drum adalah sebagai berikut :
| No | Kit | No | Kit |
| 36 | Bass Drum 1 | 59 | Ride Cymbal 2 |
| 37 | Side Stick/Rim Shot | 60 | Hi Bongo |
| 38 | Acoustic Snare | 61 | Low Bongo |
| 39 | Hand Clap | 62 | Mute Hi Bongo |
| 40 | Electric Snare | 63 | Open Hi Bongo |
| 41 | Low Floor Tom | 64 | Low Conga |
| 42 | Closed Hi Hat | 65 | High Timbale |
| 43 | High Floor Tom | 66 | Low Timbale |
| 44 | Pedal Hi Hat | 67 | High Agogo |
| 45 | Low Tom | 68 | Low Agogo |
| 46 | Open Hi Hat | 69 | Cabasa |
| 47 | Low-Mid Tom | 70 | Maracas |
| 48 | Hi-Mid Tom | 71 | Short Whistle |
| 49 | Crash Cymbal 1 | 72 | Long Whistle |
| 50 | High Tom | 73 | Short Guiro |
| 51 | Ride Cymbal 1 | 74 | Long Guiro |
| 52 | Chinese Cymbal | 75 | Claves |
| 53 | Ride Bell | 76 | Hi Wood Block |
| 54 | Tambourine | 77 | Low Wood Block |
| 55 | Splash Cymbal | 78 | Mute Cuica |
| 56 | Cowbell | 79 | Open Cuica |
| 57 | Crash Cymball 2 | 80 | Mute Triangle |
| 58 | Vibraslap | 81 | Open Triangle |
| WWW.SOLFEGIO.COM | |||
Sound Set ini sangat perlu diperhatikan, karena kesalahan utama yang sering terjadi ketika seseorang membuat file song Midi di keyboard, si creator song tersebut menggunakan sound preset/edit keyboardnya yang jelas-jelas tidak termasuk dalam daftar sound yang telah menjadi standart General Midi.
Alhasil, file song yang di buat dengan pengaturan sound yang tidak GM tersebut, menjadikan file songnya tidak kompatibel dengan keyboard/midi player lain. Menjadikan songnya bunyi tidak karuan…. Heheehehehe
3. CONTROL CHANGE
Control Change (di singkat : cc) ini bekerja berdasarkan nomor (#) yang telah kita atur. Untuk pengaturannya, biasanya ada di menu EVENT EDIT atau STEP RECORD.
Berikut jenis dan nomor cc :
- Bank Select (cc#0/32)
- Modulation Depth (cc#1)
- Portamento Time (cc#5)
- Channel Volume (cc#7)
- Pan (cc#10)
- Expression (cc#11)
- Hold1 (Damper) (cc#64)
- Portamento ON/OFF (cc#65)
- Sostenuto (cc#66)
- Soft (cc#67)
- Filter Resonance (Timbre/Harmonic Intensity) (cc#71)
- Release Time (cc#72)
- Attack time (cc#73)
- Brightness (cc#74)
- Decay Time (cc#75)
- Vibrato Rate (cc#76)
- Vibrato Depth (cc#77)
- Vibrato Delay (cc#78)
- Reverb Send Level (cc#91)
- Chorus Send Level (cc#93)
- Data Entry (cc#6/38)
- RPN LSB/MSB (cc#100/101)
4. MIDI FORMAT
Untuk penyimpanan file Midi, ada dua jenis, yaitu :
- MIDI FORMAT 0
- MIDI FORMAT 1
5. Tips
Jika Anda telah membuat file song/sequence Midi, cobalah terlebih dahulu file song tersebut menggunakan midi player lain, misalnya aplikasi WINAMP.
Jika di Aplikasi Winamp, file midi tersebut berbunyi dengan baik (walaupun soundnya terkesan seperti kaleng… hehehe), berarti file song midi tersebut berkemungkinan besar akan bisa di play dengan lancar di midi player atau keyboard lain…
Segini aja..
Semoga tulisan singkat ini bisa bermanfaat.
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